Sodium hydroxide or caustic soda is a solid and white solid with a melting point of 1,390 degrees Celsius and a density of 2,13. Sodium hydroxide can easily absorb air humidity. It is a mineral substance belonging to the salt group. It is used in the petroleum and petrochemical industries, steel and aluminum, detergents and soap, textile, and chemical.

 

The name of the substance (Persian): Sodium hydroxide

The name of the substance (English): Sodium Hydroxide

Brand (Persian): Caustic Soda

Brand name: Sodium hydroxide

Related Materials: Sodium

Production complexes: Shiraz Petrochemical Complex

The caustic or sodium hydroxide is called the NaOH formula, commonly known as Castaic Soda, a solid and white solid with a melting point of 1390 ° C and a density of 2.13. This substance can easily absorb air humidity.

 

Indications:

Oil and Petrochemical Industries, Steel and Aluminum Industries, Laundry and Soap Industries, Textile and Chemical Industries, including Chemical, Silk, Pulp and Paper, Paint, Aluminum, Petrochemical and Textile, Soaps and Detergents are used. Also in laboratories, alkaline sodium hydroxide solution is used to determine the concentration of unknown acids in the acid-free volumetric (titration) assay.

Physical and chemical properties

Molecular formula: NaOH

Molar mass: 39.9971 g / mol

Appearance: white solid/hygroscopic

Density: 2.13 g / cm3

Melting point: 323 C, 596 K, 613 F

Boiling point: 1388 C, 1661 K, 2530 F

 

Production methods:

Sodium Chloride Soluble Electrolysis The highest amount of sodium hydroxide produced is obtained by electrolysis of sodium chloride solutions in one of a variety of electrolytic containers. As an example, in the process of mercury cell (Castner-Kellner), a stream of mercury is used as a cathode, and the sodium sulfate is combined with water to produce sodium hydroxide, and in the other process, the diaphragm cell, the electrolyte of the anode The cathode moves and the diaphragm (made of cotton or other membrane materials) separates the anode and cathode products. In both processes, in addition to sodium, chlorine gas is also produced. An older process for the production of caustic soda is the soda-lime process in which its sodium (calcium-dihydroxide) is converted to sodium carbide by reaction with sodium carbonate.

Safety Information:

This substance can easily absorb moisture and, therefore, should be covered with protective coatings when transporting. This compound, in contact with skin, has a corrosive effect and should be considered when used to prevent its effects.