Benzene is an aromatic organic compound. Benzene is a colorless liquid that is used in the industrial production of a group of materials such as polystyrene, synthetic rubber, and nylon. Benzene was discovered in 1825 by Michael Faraday. Benzene is a carcinogenic and poisonous substance.  

The name of the material (Persian language): 1, 3, and 5-cyclohexatriene 

English name: 1,3,5-cyclohexatriene 

Brand (Farsi): Benzene 

Brand name: Benzene 

Other names: Benzoil, Carbon oil, Cyclohexatriene, Phenyl hydride 

Related Materials: Aromatic 

Complexes: Imam Bandar Petrochemical Complex - Bu-Ali Sina Petrochemical Complex - Borzvyeh Petrochemical Complex 

Place of delivery: Imam Bandar Petrochemical Complex - Bu-Ali Sina Petrochemical Complex - Borzouei Petrochemical Complex 

Packing: bulk, carrying with tanker 

Benzene is a colorless liquid that is used in the industrial production of a group of materials such as polystyrene, synthetic rubber, and nylon. This liquid is also used in the preparation of detergents and dyes. Benzene belongs to the hydrocarbon family, each molecule of which has 6 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms, creating a ring arrangement. Carbon atoms are linked together by a double bond, and the chemical formula is C6H6. This arrangement is called benzene ring, which is found in many compounds including aspirin and explosives like  TNT . Benzene is poisonous and carcinogenic. In nature, benzene has two structures chairs and boat. chair, that has a non-polar chair structure and boat has polar structure. Compounds that have a benzene ring in their structure are in the family of aromatic hydrocarbons. Benzene was discovered in 1825 by Michael Faraday. Benzene was initially obtained by heating and using coal tar, and then converting the steam of it into liquid, but today it extracts benzene in large amounts of crude oil. The cyclodextrin structure for benzene was first presented by August Kekul in 1865. About a decade later, most chemists approved this theory. With the discovery of electrons between 1897 and 1906 by J. J. Thomson, three electrons were placed between carbon atoms in benzene. For the first time in 1925, Sir Robert Robinson, in defense of the exceptional stability of this article, proposed the theory of the ring-shaped nature of the molecule.  

Indications: 

It is available in plastic materials, resins, nylon, lubricating oils, colored materials, detergents, pesticides and so on. Mainly used in the preparation of alkylbenzenes such as LAB, DDB, styrene, chlorobenzenes, aniline, nylon and as a solvent. 

Physical and chemical properties: 

Molecular formula: C6H6 

Molar mass: 78.11 g mol-1 

Appearance Colorless liquid 

Density: 0.8765 (20) g / cm3 

Melting point: 5.5 C, 279 K, 42 

Boiling point: 80.1 C, 353 K, 176 F 

Solubility in water 0.8 g / L @ 25 ° C 

Viscosity 0.652 cP at 20 ° C 

Dipole moment 0 D 

Flashpoint: -11 C 

Production methods: 

Catalytic Reforming: In this method, a group of hydrocarbons with a boiling point of 60 to 200 ° C is combined in the presence of platinum or chloride rhodium chloride at 500 and a pressure of 8 to 50 atmospheres with hydrogen. The final product, after separation, includes benzene.  

Toluene Hydroalkylation: In this method, toluene is converted to benzene. 

The disproportionate amount of toluene: In units that both toluene and xylene are considered, this method is a good alternative to hydro-alkalinization. 

Steam cracking: This is a good way to produce ethylene and other alkenes from linear and large hydrocarbons. Benzene is a byproduct of some of these reactions, including pyrolysis of gasoline.  

Chemical reactions: 

1- Aromatic friend electron substitute 

2. Reduction: In this method, benzene and its derivatives are converted to cyclohexane and its derivatives.  

Safety Information: 

The most important effects of benzene include blood poisoning, genetic effects, and carcinogens. Benzene affects the nervous system of the body.